Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 48
Filter
1.
São Paulo med. j ; 135(6): 529-534, Nov.-Dec. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-904119

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Choosing a medical specialty and making decisions concerning a career are difficult processes for medical students and newly graduated physicians.This exploratory study aimed to investigate the influence of role models on the choice of surgery as a career, and to determine the most influential model characteristics. DESIGN AND SETTING: Qualitative analysis on responses to a self-administered questionnaire, in different teaching-learning settings. METHODS: Residents from all years of various surgical subspecialties in a university hospital were included in a survey about the factors that determined their choice of surgery. The questions included items on whether a role model had influenced them in choosing surgery, and the personal or professional characteristics of the models that had been most influential. The responses were subjected to qualitative content analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-four out of 96 medical residents participated. Fifty-three residents (82.8%) acknowledged the influence of role models. Sixteen model characteristics were indicated as important, with 136 mentions. Characteristics classified as technical skills (55%), such as"medical knowledge"and "manual dexterity" predominated over humanistic characteristics (35%), such as "patient-physician relationships" and "ethical behavior". However, this difference was not statistically significant (Fisher test, P = 0.11).There were no age differences regarding the proportions mentioning "technical" and "non-technical" attributes, but female residents mentioned significantly more technical skills than their male colleagues did. CONCLUSIONS: The influence of role models seems to be an important factor determining the choice of surgery as a career. The influential characteristics of the models include not only technical but also humanistic qualities.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Specialties, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Students, Medical/statistics & numerical data , Career Choice , Surgeons/statistics & numerical data , Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data , Physician-Patient Relations , Brazil , Sex Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Clinical Competence , Decision Making , Education, Medical , Surgeons/education
2.
J. vasc. bras ; 15(4): 287-292, Oct.-Dec. 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-841391

ABSTRACT

Abstract Air plethysmography is a non-invasive test that can quantify venous reflux and obstruction by measuring volume changes in the leg. Its findings correlate with clinical and hemodynamic measures. It can quantitatively assess several components of venous hemodynamics: valvular reflux, calf muscle pump function, and venous obstruction. Although clinical uses of air plethysmography have been validated, it is used almost exclusively for medical research. Air plethysmography can be used to assess chronic venous disease, to evaluate improvement after venous surgery, to diagnose acute and past episodes of deep venous thrombosis, to evaluate compression stocking therapy, to study the physiological implications of high-heeled shoes in healthy women, and even to evaluate the probability of ulcer healing.


Resumo A pletismografia a ar é um método não invasivo que pode quantificar refluxo e obstrução venosa medindo alterações no volume das pernas. Seus achados se correlacionam com parâmetros clínicos e hemodinâmicos. Ela pode fornecer informações quantitativas dos diferentes componentes da hemodinâmica venosa: refluxo valvular, função de bomba muscular da panturrilha e obstrução venosa. Apesar de ter seu uso clínico validado, a pletismografia a ar é usada quase que exclusivamente para pesquisa. Ela pode ser usada para avaliar a doença venosa crônica, mensurar o ganho hemodinâmico após cirurgia venosa, diagnosticar trombose venosa profunda atual ou prévia, avaliar os efeitos da elastocompressão, estudar as implicações fisiológicas do uso de salto alto em mulheres e também avaliar a probabilidade de cura de uma úlcera venosa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Skin Ulcer/pathology , Venous Thrombosis/diagnostic imaging , Venous Thrombosis/pathology , Chronic Disease , Plethysmography/classification
3.
J. vasc. bras ; 14(4): 297-304, out.-dez. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-767701

ABSTRACT

Aneurismas de artéria poplítea (AAPs) correspondem a 70,00% dos aneurismas periféricos. A indicação cirúrgica é para aneurismas com diâmetros maiores que 2,0 cm ou sintomáticos. O tratamento é feito por técnicas cirúrgicas convencionais ou endovasculares. Esta última tem ganho muitos adeptos, mas ainda não há consenso estabelecido sobre sua indicação. Objetivo Apresentar a experiência da Divisão de Cirurgia Vascular e Endovascular do Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo no tratamento dos AAPs. Método Foram revisados casos de reparo convencional e endovascular de AAPs tratados nos últimos cinco anos, avaliando dados demográficos, comorbidades, indicação cirúrgica, complicações pré e pós-operatórias precoces e tardias, tempo de internação e de perviedade em até um ano. Resultados Foram realizadas no período dez cirurgias endovasculares (CE) e 21 cirurgias abertas (CA). O grupo CE teve maior frequência de comorbidades. Houve maior frequência de pacientes sintomáticos no grupo CA (85,00%) do que no grupo CE (40,00%). O Grupo CE apresentou menor número de complicações clínicas e cirúrgicas. A idade entre os grupos e o tempo de internação de cada grupo não apresentaram diferença estatística. A perviedade primária em um ano no Grupo CE foi de 80,00%, enquanto no Grupo CA foi de 75,00%. Conclusão O tratamento endovascular para AAPs apresenta bons resultados, em termos de perviedade com taxas de complicações aceitáveis, em pacientes com risco cirúrgico elevado e anatomia favorável, justificando, assim, a necessidade de mais estudos controlados para modificar a posição da técnica endovascular como uma terapia alternativa para casos selecionados.


Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) account for 70% of peripheral aneurysms. Surgery is indicated for aneurysms that have diameters greater than 2.0 cm or are symptomatic. Repair can be achieved by conventional surgical techniques or using endovascular methods, which are becoming increasingly popular, but for which there is not yet a consensus on indications. Objective To describe the experience of treating PAAs at the vascular and endovascular surgery department of the Hospital das Clínicas de Ribeirão Preto, affiliated to the Universidade de São Paulo (Brazil). Method A review was conducted of cases of conventional and endovascular repair of PAAs over the last 5 years, analyzing demographic data, comorbidities, surgical indications, preoperative and early and late postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and patency, during follow-up of up to 1 year. Results During the period analyzed, ten endovascular surgeries (ES) and 21 open surgeries (OS) were performed. The ES group exhibited a higher frequency of comorbidities. There was a higher frequency of symptomatic patients in the OS group (85%) than in the ES group (40%). The ES group exhibited a lower number of clinical and surgical complications. There were no statistical differences between the groups in terms of age or length of hospital stay. Primary patency at 1 year was 80% in the ES group and 75% in the OS group. Conclusions Endovascular treatment for PAAs offers good results in terms of patency, with acceptable complication rates, in patients with high surgical risk and favorable anatomy. Controlled studies are therefore warranted to validate the endovascular technique and afford it the status of an alternative procedure for use in selected cases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aneurysm/rehabilitation , Aneurysm/therapy , Aneurysm , Popliteal Artery/surgery , Popliteal Artery , Endovascular Procedures/rehabilitation , Angiography , Comorbidity , Risk Factors , Tomography
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(11): 794-799, Nov. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-695961

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess venous hemodynamics and quality of life at lest five years after varicose vein stripping. METHODS: We conducted a prospective study with 39 patients (63 limbs) with primary lower limbs varicose veins. Preoperatively, all patients were subjected to clinical evaluation, duplex ultrassound, air plethysmography (APG), and CIVIQ questionnaire of quality of life. By APG, venous filling index (VFI), ejection fraction (EF), and residual volume fraction (RVF) were determined. CIVIQ addresses four domains in course of 20 questions, including states of physical, social, and psychological well-being, and pain level. Varicose veins were treated by standard venous stripping. At least five years after surgery (77.9 ± 10.9 months), patients were reassessed and had clinical examination, duplex ultrasound, APG, and CIVIQ repeated. No late follow-up data was available for 24 patients. RESULTS: Preoperative and late postoperative VFI levels were similar, whereas EF (P=0.05) and RVF (P=0.01), as hemodynamic variables, significantly improved following surgery. In the late postoperative period, overall CIVIQ scores were significantly lower (P=0.005), as were scores in all four domains: pain (P=0.001), physical (P=0.007), social (P=0.008), and psychological (P= 0.05). CONCLUSION: In a small prospective cohort, improvements in venous hemodynamics and in quality of life of patients submitted to standard varicose veins stripping were maintained five years after the procedure.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hemodynamics , Quality of Life , Saphenous Vein/surgery , Varicose Veins/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Plethysmography , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Reference Values , Stroke Volume , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Varicose Veins/physiopathology
6.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(6): 441-446, June 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-675579

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the protective effects of ischemic pre and postconditioning, as well as the association of both methods, in skeletal muscle injury produced by ischemia and reperfusion in rats. METHODS: An experimental study was designed using 40 Wistar rats divided in four groups (n=10): Control - rats submitted to ischemia for 240 minutes (min) and reperfusion for 60 min; Ischemic preconditioning (Pre) - animals submitted to three cycles of clamping and releasing the aorta for five min before being submitted to the ischemia/reperfusion procedure; Ischemic postconditioning (Post) - rats submitted to three cycles of clamping and releasing the aorta for one min after the 240-minute ischemic phase; Ischemic pre and postconditioning (Pre-post) - animals submitted to the same procedures of Pre and Post groups. Skeletal muscle injury was evaluated by measuring serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine phosphokinase (CPK); and muscular levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycogen. RESULTS: AST levels were significantly higher in Pre and Pre-post groups (P<.01). There were no differences in LDH and CPK levels. Muscular MDA levels were similar. Glycogen levels were significantly higher in Pre and Pre-post groups (P<.01). CONCLUSIONS: Both preconditioning and its association with postconditioning had a protective effect by avoiding glycogen depletion in skeletal muscle in rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion. Association of pre and postconditioning did not show advantage compared to preconditioning alone. Postconditioning alone did not show protective effect.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Muscle, Skeletal/blood supply , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Creatine Kinase/blood , Disease Models, Animal , Glycogen/analysis , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Random Allocation , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Reperfusion Injury/blood , Time Factors
7.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(6): 490-495, Nov.-Dec. 2011. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-604199

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe a method for the assessment of gait dynamics in rats submitted to limb ischemia. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats (150-160g) were used. Twelve animals were submitted to limb ischemia by ligation of the common left iliac artery (ischemic group: n = 12); and a sham-operated group was used as control (n=12). After a recovery period of 6 weeks, gait dynamics was assessed by counting the complete footprints and the number of hindlimb-floor contacts during a treadmill test for five minutes at a speed of 12 m.min-1 and angulation of 15°. The number of contacts of the left hindlimb was divided by the right hindlimb values (LRR) for group comparisons. Ischemic disability was quantified by comparing the area under curve (AUC) created by plotting each contact versus time for each hindlimb. The left hindlimb ischemic disability index (LHDI), which was compared between groups, was defined by the formula: LHDI = (1- AUC left / AUC right) x 100. RESULTS: Surgery was well tolerated by all animals. Rats did not suffer tissue loss or ulcerations. Complete footprint LRR was 0.3 ± 0.08 for the ischemic group and 1.3 ± 0.9 for controls (p=0.0043). Number of contacts LLR was 0.5 ± 0.2 for the ischemic group and 1.0 ± 0.1 for the control group (p=0.0051). LHDI was 56.83 ± 10.67 for the ischemic group and 2.50 ± 13.10 for the control group (P = 0.031). CONCLUSION: Assessment of gait dynamics in rats submitted to limb ischemia could be done by footprint analysis and hindlimb contact recording during a treadmill test.


OBJETIVO: Descrever um método para avaliar a dinâmica da marcha em ratos submetidos à isquemia de membro pélvico. MÉTODOS: Vinte e quatro ratos Wistar machos (150-160g) foram utilizados neste estudo experimental. Doze animais foram submetidos à isquemia de membro pélvico por meio da ligadura da artéria ilíaca comum esquerda (grupo isquêmico: n=12); e doze animais foram submetidos à cirurgia simulada e usados como controle (grupo controle: n=12). Após seis semanas de recuperação, foi realizada avaliação da dinâmica da marcha por meio da contagem de impressões plantares e da contagem de contatos pata-solo durante teste com esteira durante cinco minutos, velocidade 12 m.min-1 e angulação de 15°. Os valores do número de contatos do membro pélvico esquerdo foram divididos pelos do membro pélvico direito (razão esquerda-direita - LRR) para comparação entre os grupos. A quantificação da incapacitação isquêmica foi feita comparando a área sob a curva (AUC) da representação gráfica dos contatos versus tempo para cada membro pélvico. O índice de incapacitação isquêmica do membro pélvico esquerdo (LHDI), que foi comparado entre os grupos, foi definido pela fórmula: LHDI = (1- AUC esquerda / AUC direito) x 100. RESULTADOS: A cirurgia foi bem tolerada por todos os animais. Nenhum rato apresentou necrose tecidual ou ulceração. A LRR das impressões plantares completas foi 0,3 ± 0,08 no grupo isquêmico e 1,3 ± 0,9 no grupo controle (p=0,0043). A LRR do número de contatos foi 0,5 ± 0,2 no grupo isquêmico e 1,0 ± 0,1 no grupo controle (p=0,0051). O LHDI foi 56,83 ± 10,67 no grupo isquêmico e 2,50 ± 13,10 no grupo controle (p=0,031). CONCLUSÃO: Avaliação da dinâmica da marcha em ratos submetidos à isquemia de membro pélvico pôde ser feita por meio da contagem de impressões plantares e da contagem de contatos pata-solo durante teste com esteira.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Gait/physiology , Hindlimb/blood supply , Iliac Artery/physiopathology , Ischemia/physiopathology , Hindlimb/physiopathology , Iliac Artery/surgery , Rats, Wistar
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(1): 72-76, jan.-fev. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-572237

ABSTRACT

Purpose: A new surgical approach for vascular access for hemodialysis using a latero-lateral arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in the thigh between the femoral artery (FA) and superficial femoral vein (SFV) transposed to the subcutaneous layer in patients with no other access options is described. Methods: Ten patients (mean age: 37,9 years) for whom all possible sites for execution of any other procedure had been exhausted, underwent latero-lateral AVF close to the adductor channel between the FA and the SFV. The FSV was released and sectioned 2 cm from its confluence with the deep femoral vein and transposed in the subcutaneous tissue with extensions using saphenous vein or prosthetic material (PTFE) when needed. Follow -up included patency, flow evaluation and complications. Results: Postoperative follow-up ranged from 3 to 96 months, with a mean of 38 months. The AVFs presented a flow of more than 350 ml/min and the AVFs remained patent for a mean period of 38 months. There were three failures of the procedures at 3, 5 and 7 months during postoperative follow-up due to graft infection and thrombosis (a case), anaphylactic shock and thrombosis (a case) and calf pain during dialysis (a case). Two patients developed slight inferior limb edema. Conclusion: The new surgical approach for access for hemodialysis represents a feasible procedure, with acceptable patency rates in exceptional cases where no other access option is available.


Objetivo: Nova abordagem para acesso vascular para hemodiálise usando fistula artério-venosa (FAV) látero-lateral na coxa entre a artéria femoral (AF) e a veia femoral superficial (VFS) transposta no subcutâneo em pacientes sem opção de acesso. Métodos: Dez pacientes (idade média 37,9 anos), cuja possibilidade de acesso havia sido exaurido, foram submetidos a FAV látero-lateral na coxa entre a AF e a VFS.Esta veia foi liberada e seccionada 2 cm de sua confluência com a veia femoral profunda e transposta no plano superficial com extensão usando a veia safena ou material protético (PTFE) quando necessário.O seguimento incluíu a perviedade , fluxo e complicações. Resultados: O seguimento pós-operatório foi de 3 a 96 meses (média 38). A FAV apresentou fluxo mínimo de 350 ml/min e permaneceu pérvia no período médio de 38 meses. Houve 3 falências aos 3, 5, e 7 meses pós-operatórios por infecção de prótese e trombose da FAV (um caso), choque anafilático e trombose (um caso) e dor na panturrilha na hemodiálise (um caso). Dois pacientes desenvolveram discreto edema de membro inferior. Conclusão: A nova abordagem para acesso vascular para hemodiálise representa um procedimento factível, com aceitável perviedade em casos excepcionais onde nenhum outro acesso é disponível.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/methods , Femoral Artery/surgery , Femoral Vein/surgery , Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy , Renal Dialysis/methods , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(supl.2): 115-119, 2011. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-602655

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Previous studies have demonstrated improvement of venous hemodynamics after surgical treatment of primary varicose veins of the lower extremities using air plethysmography (APG). PURPOSE: To correlate the venous hemodynamics obtained by APG with the CEAP classification after surgical treatment of primary varicose veins. METHODS: We studied 63 limbs of 39 patients (35 women and 4 men) aged on average 46.3 years, operated upon at the University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, during the period from January 2001 to December 2004. The 63 limbs were divided into the three following groups according to CEAP classification: group C2 + C3 (38 limbs), group C4 (15 limbs) and group C5 + C6 (10 limbs). The patients were evaluated clinically before and 30 to 40 days after surgery by preoperative duplex ultrasonography and pre- and postoperative APG. RESULTS: There was an apparent hemodynamic improvement after surgical treatment of the varicose veins in the two groups of lower severity, but the improvement was significant in the most severe group based on venous filling index. CONCLUSION : Surgical treatment was beneficial for all three groups, but the greatest hemodynamic gain was observed in the group of highest clinical severity (group C5 + C6).


CONTEXTO: Estudos prévios tem demonstrado a melhora da hemodinâmica venosa após o tratamento cirúrgico das varizes primárias dos membros inferiores utilizando a pletismografia a ar (PGA). OBJETIVO: Correlacionar a hemodinâmica venosa obtida pela PGA com a classificação CEAP após tratamento cirúrgico das varizes primárias dos membros inferiores. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 63 membros inferiores em 39 pacientes (35 mulheres e 4 homens), com idade média igual a 46,3 anos, operados no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2004. Os 63 membros inferiores foram subdivididos em três grupos de acordo com a classificação CEAP, adotando-se o critério lesão de pele como referência, sendo: grupo C2 + C3 (38 membros) grupo C4 (15 membros) e grupo C5 + C6 (10 membros). Os pacientes foram avaliados clinicamente pré e pós-operatório (30 a 40 dias após), mapeamento dúplex pré-operatório e PGA pré e pós-operatória. RESULTADOS: Houve aparente melhora hemodinâmica após tratamento cirúrgico de varizes nos dois grupos de menor gravidade, mas foi significativa no de maior gravidade com base no índice de enchimento venoso. CONCLUSÃO: O tratamento cirúrgico beneficiou os três grupos, mas o maior ganho hemodinâmico foi observado no grupo de gravidade clínica maior (grupo C5 + C6).


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Hemodynamics/physiology , Varicose Veins/surgery , Venous Insufficiency/blood , Chronic Disease , Prospective Studies , Plethysmography/methods , Severity of Illness Index , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Varicose Veins/physiopathology , Venous Insufficiency/physiopathology
10.
J. vasc. bras ; 9(3): 164-167, Sept. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578786

ABSTRACT

We present the case of aorto-iliac aneurysm in a patient with chronic renal failure requiring dialysis who were treated with an endovascular stent graft and, later on, submitted to kidney transplantation. A 53-year-old male with renal failure requiring dialysis presented with an asymptomatic abdominal aorto-iliac aneurysm measuring 5.0cm of diameter. He was treated with endovascular repair technique, being used an endoprosthesis Excluder®. After four months, he was successfully submitted to kidney transplantation (dead donor), with anastomosis of the graft renal artery in the external iliac artery distal to the endoprosthesis. The magnetic resonance imaging, carried out 30 days after the procedure, showed a good positioning of the endoprosthesis and adequate perfusion of the renal graft. In the follow-up, the patient presented improvement of nitrogenous waste, good positioning of the endoprosthesis without migration or endoleak. The endovascular repair of aorto-iliac aneurysm in a patient with end-stage renal failure under hemodialysis treatment showed to be feasible, safe and efficient, as it did not prevent the success of the posterior kidney transplantation.


Apresentamos o caso de aneurisma aortoilíaco em um paciente com insuficiência renal crônica dialítica tratado com uma endoprótese vascular, sendo, após, submetido a transplante renal. Um homem de 53 anos com insuficiência renal dialítica apresentava um aneurisma abdominal aortoilíaco assintomático com 5,0cm de diâmetro. Foi tratado com técnica endovascular com uma endoprótese Excluderâ. Após quatro meses, foi submetido a transplante renal (doador cadáver) com sucesso, com anastomose da artéria renal do enxerto na artéria ilíaca externa distal à endoprótese. A ressonância magnética 30 dias após o procedimento mostrou a endoprótese bem posicionada e o enxerto renal bem perfundido. No seguimento, o paciente evoluiu com melhora das escórias nitrogenadas, bom posicionamento da endoprótese, sem migração ou endoleak. O reparo endovascular do aneurisma aortoilíaco em paciente com insuficiência renal terminal em hemodiálise mostrou-se exequível, seguro e eficaz, e não comprometeu o sucesso do transplante renal posterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/classification , Kidney Transplantation/adverse effects , Chronic Disease , Time Factors
12.
Clinics ; 65(12): 1315-1323, 2010. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-578571

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: A duplex ultrasound study was performed to investigate morphological and hemodynamic patterns of carotid stenoses treated by endarterectomy with patch closure versus stenting. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Twenty-nine carotid stenoses were treated with stenting and 65 with patch closure. Duplex ultrasound parameters (luminal diameter, mm; peak systolic velocity and end-diastolic velocity, cm/s) were measured 24 hours after the procedures and also at 12 months post-procedure. Residual stenoses (immediately postprocedure) and restenoses (within 12 months of procedure) were defined as narrowings of >50 percent on duplex ultrasound examination. RESULTS: In stented patients, the luminal diameter of the proximal internal carotid artery increased in the interval between the 24-hour and 12-month post-procedure studies, while in the patch closure patients, the diameter decreased. Carotid hemodynamics normalized immediately after both patching and stenting and remained relatively stable thereafter up to 12 months. No statistically elevated flow velocities (in the absence of residual stenosis or restenosis) were observed in the patched or stented carotid arteries. No significant differences in residual stenosis rates were observed between the stenting group (3 cases, 10.34 percent) and the patch closure group (1 case, 1.53 percent, P = 0.08). At 12 months, 2 stenting patients (6.88 percent) and 2 patch closure patients (3.07 percent) had $50 percent restenosis (P = 0.58). One case of late stroke due to restenosis was observed in the stenting group; the patient died 12 months postoperatively, before receiving new intervention. CONCLUSION: Measurements over time in luminal diameter signalized differences in arterial remodeling mechanisms between patched and stented carotids. Both stenting and patch closure were associated with carotid patency and flow restoration. This study does not support a general approach to new velocity criteria indiscriminately applied to stented or patched carotids.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Carotid Artery, Internal , Carotid Stenosis , Endarterectomy, Carotid/methods , Hemodynamics/physiology , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Chi-Square Distribution , Carotid Artery, Internal/physiopathology , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Carotid Stenosis/physiopathology , Carotid Stenosis/surgery , Stents , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
13.
J. vasc. bras ; 9(1): 74-77, 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-557189

ABSTRACT

Há evidências de que o óxido nítrico (NO) tem importância na vasodilatação associada a reações vasoplégicas. O objetivo deste relato de caso é documentar um caso de vasoplegia refratária ao uso de catecolaminas após bypass aortobifemoral revertida com o uso de azul de metileno. Mulher, 50 anos, submetida a bypass aortobifemoral. Sem comorbidades. Saiu de sala cirúrgica extubada, estável e com pulsos distais presentes. Duas horas após a cirurgia, evoluiu com choque circulatório. Iniciada noradrenalina e investigadas causas de choque. Manteve-se com necessidades crescentes de aminas e parâmetros estáveis. No sexto dia pós-operatório, com a hipótese de vasoplegia refratária, optou-se pelo uso do azul. Resposta imediata, com queda nos níveis de aminas, sendo desligada a noradrenalina no dia seguinte. O azul de metileno inibe a guanilato ciclase, produtora de guanosina monofosfato cíclico. Especula-se que haja um sinergismo entre essas drogas, já que a sua associação permite a atuação do sistema adenosina monofosfato.


There is evidence that the nitric oxide plays an important role in the vasodilation associated with vasoplegic reactions. The objective of this case report is to document a case of catecholamine-refractory shock after aortobifemoral bypass treated with methylene blue. A 50-year-old woman was admitted for aortobifemoral bypass graft surgery. She did not present with any comorbidities. At the end of the surgery, she was breathing spontaneously, with palpable pedal pulses. Two hours later, the patient presented shock. Noradrenaline infusion was initiated and the causes of shock were investigated. She required increasing doses of amines and her parameters were stable. On the sixth day after surgery, methylene blue was administered due to the hypothesis of refractory vasoplegia. There was immediate response, with decrease in the catecholamine infusion levels until its withdrawal on the next day. Methylene blue inhibits the enzyme guanylate cyclase that produces GMPc. There might be a synergism between these two drugs, since their association allows the action of the AMPc system.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Methylene Blue , Norepinephrine , Coronary Artery Bypass/rehabilitation , Nitric Oxide , Vasoplegia/diagnosis
14.
J. vasc. bras ; 8(1): 21-28, jan.-mar. 2009. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-514863

ABSTRACT

Contexto: O tratamento cirúrgico das varizes primárias dos membros inferiores deve proporcionar alívio da estase venosa, a fim de evitar a evolução da doença venosa para estágios de maior gravidade clínica. Objetivo: Estudar as alterações da hemodinâmica venosa em pacientes portadores de varizes primárias dos membros inferiores no pré e pós-operatório, utilizando a pletismografia a ar. Método: Foram estudados 63 membros inferiores em 39 pacientes (35 mulheres e quatro homens), com média de idade igual a 46,3 anos, operados no Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, no período de janeiro de 2001 a dezembro de 2004. Os membros inferiores foram classificados de acordo com a classificação CEAP, em critério clínico = C2 a C6 (C2 = 6, C3 = 32, C4 = 15, C5 = 7 e C6 = 3), critério etiológico = Ep, critério anatômico = As e critério fisiopatológico = Pr. Os pacientes foram avaliados por exame clínico pré e pós-operatório, mapeamento dúplex pré-operatório e pletismografia a ar pré e pós-operatória. Resultados: Houve melhora da hemodinâmica venosa no pós-operatório, demonstrada pela diminuição do índice de enchimento venoso e da fração de volume residual e aumento da fração de ejeção nos membros inferiores submetidos à operação de varizes. Conclusão: A operação venosa superficial aliviou a estase venosa e proporcionou adequado tratamento, com o objetivo de interromper a evolução fisiopatológica da doença venosa crônica, em qualquer nível de gravidade clínica.


Background: Surgical treatment of primary varicose veins of the lower limbs might contribute to venous stasis relief by preventing evolution of the venous disease to worse severity stages. Objective: To study venous hemodynamic changes in patients with primary varicose veins of the lower limbs during the pre- and postoperative period using air plethysmography. Method: Sixty-three lower limbs of 39 patients (35 females and four males, mean age of 46.3 years) were evaluated. They were all operated at Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, between January 2001 and December 2004. Lower limbs were classified according to the CEAP classification: clinical criteria = C2 to C6 (C2 = 6, C3 = 32, C4 = 15, C5 = 7 and C6 = 3), etiologic criteria = Ep, anatomic criteria = As, and pathophysiological criteria = Pr. The patients were submitted to pre- and postoperative clinical examination, preoperative duplex scan and pre- and postoperative air plethysmography. Results: Improvement in venous hemodynamics was observed after surgery, confirmed by reduction in the venous filling index and residual volume fraction and increase in the ejection fraction in the lower limbs submitted to varicose vein surgery. Conclusion: Superficial varicose vein stripping contributed to venous stasis relief and provided appropriate treatment, preventing pathophysiological evolution of chronic venous disease independently of clinical severity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Middle Aged , Lower Extremity/surgery , Plethysmography , Varicose Veins/surgery , Varicose Veins/complications
15.
J. vasc. bras ; 7(4): 298-307, dez. 2008. tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-506101

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A aterosclerose carotídea apresenta alta prevalência populacional e associação com vários fatores de risco, contribuindo para altos índices de morbidade e mortalidade. OBJETIVO: Pesquisar a freqüência e associação da aterosclerose de carótidas extracranianas com: idade, sexo, hipertensão arterial, doença coronária isquêmica, tabagismo, diabetes melito tipo 2, obesidade, doença arterial oclusiva periférica, acidente vascular cerebral, oclusão carotídea, espessamento médio-intimal e acotovelamento. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas as artérias carótidas extracranianas, bilateralmente, de 367 indivíduos (132 homens e 235 mulheres) com idade média de 63 anos (35 a 91 anos) por anamnese, semiologia clínica e ultra-sonografia. A possibilidade da associação entre aterosclerose carotídea representada por placas ateromatosas inespecíficas com estenose > 10 por cento, ateromatose discreta e difusa com estenose < 10 por cento e os fatores de risco enunciados foi analisada estatisticamente pelo odds ratio e seus intervalos de confiança de 95 por cento. RESULTADOS: A freqüência da aterosclerose carotídea foi de 52 por cento, e do espessamento médio-intimal, de 30,2 por cento. Houve associação entre a aterosclerose (ateromatose discreta e difusa e placas ateromatosas inespecíficas) com idade > 64 anos, acidente vascular cerebral, obesidade e tabagismo. Considerando-se somente estenoses carotídeas > 60 por cento, houve associação com idade > 64 anos, oclusão carotídea e doença coronária. O espessamento médio-intimal apresentou associação com idade > 64 anos, acotovelamento, oclusão carotídea, hipertensão arterial e índice tornozelo-braquial < 0,9. CONCLUSÃO: A aterosclerose carotídea apresentou alta freqüência populacional (52 por cento) e associação com idade, obesidade, acidente vascular cerebral, coronariopatia e tabagismo.


BACKGROUND: A high prevalence of carotid atherosclerosis in the population and its frequent association with several risk factors contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates. OBJECTIVE: To investigate frequency and association of extracranial carotid atherosclerosis with age, sex, hypertension, ischemic coronary disease, smoking, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, peripheral arterial disease, stroke, carotid occlusion, intima-media thickness and kinking. METHODS: The carotid and bilateral extracranial arteries of 367 individuals (132 males and 235 females), with a mean of 63 years of age (35-91 years) were evaluated via anamnesis, clinical semiology and ultrasonography. The possible association between carotid atherosclerosis, represented by unspecific atheromatous plaques with stenosis > 10 percent or discrete and diffuse atheromatosis with stenosis < 10 percent and the risk factors listed above was statistically analyzed by the odds ratio with a confidence interval of 95 percent. RESULTS: The frequency of carotid atherosclerosis and intima-media thickness was, respectively, 52 and 30.2 percent. There was an association between atherosclerosis types and age (> 64 years), stroke, obesity and smoking. When only carotid stenosis > 60 percent was considered, there was an association with age (> 64 years), carotid occlusion and coronary disease. Intima-media thickness was associated with age (> 64 years), kinking, carotid occlusion, hypertension and ankle-brachial index < 0.9. CONCLUSION: Carotid atherosclerosis is highly prevalent in the population (52 percent) and is associated with age, obesity, stroke, coronary disease, and smoking.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Atherosclerosis/complications , Atherosclerosis/mortality , Carotid Stenosis/complications , Carotid Stenosis/mortality , Ultrasonography, Doppler , Risk Factors
16.
Medicina (Ribeiräo Preto) ; 41(4): 477-486, out.-dez. 2008. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-529014

ABSTRACT

A trombose venosa profunda ou superficial é a formação de trombos no sistemavenoso e faz parte dos fenômenos trombo-embólicos. Neste texto são discutidos a etiopatogenia,o diagnóstico clínico e laboratorial, a profilaxia da trombose venosa no paciente cirúrgico.


The thromboembolic phenomena deep venous thrombosis and superficial venousthrombosis are caused by formation of a thrombus in the respective venous system. Here, theetiopathogenesis, the potential clinical as well as laboratory diagnostics and the possibleprophylaxis in order to avoid these thromboembolic events are discussed.


Subject(s)
Humans , Postoperative Period , Venous Thrombosis
17.
Int. j. morphol ; 26(2): 269-274, jun. 2008. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-549945

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to experimentally evaluate the protection role of glycerin preserved bovine peritoneum (BP) against intestinal adhesions to a vascular graft. Experiments were performed on 24 adult rabbits, randomly dived into two groups. All animals were submitted to a vascular graft over the infra-renal aorta and vena cava. Group 1(12 animals ) was submitted to a BP patch on the retroperitoneal opening, between the vascular prosthetic graft and the intestinal loops. Group II (12 animals ) had the retroperitoneal opening sutured. After 7, 14, 28 and 60 days, 3 animals of each group were randomly killed and the retro peritoneum, with or without the BPpatch, was removed for histological analysis. The histological analysis showed that the BP stimulated a moderate to intense inflammatory reaction at the beginning of the experiments and on the 60-day evaluation, the inflammatory reaction was mild, limited to the BP border with its histological structure preserved. In conclusion, the BP is a safe and cheap interposition material to be used between vascular grafts and intestinal loops, presenting a protection role against adhesions between them.


El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar experimentalmente el rol protector del peritoneo bovino (PB) preservado en la glicerina en contra de las adherencias intestinales de un injerto vascular. Los experimentos se realizaron en 24 conejos adultos, randomizados aleatoriamente en dos grupos. Todos los animales fueron sometidos a un injerto vascular sobre la aorta infra-renal y la vena cava. Grupo I (12 animales), fue sometido a un parche PB en una apertura retroperitoneal suturada, entre el injerto vascular y el intestino. Grupo II (12 animales) con la apertura retroperitoneal suturada. Después de 7, 14, 28 y 60 días, 3 animales de cada grupo fueron sacrificados al azar y el retro peritoneo, con o sin el parche de PB, se retiró para el análisis histológico. El análisis histológico mostró que la PB estimuló una moderada a intensa reacción inflamatoria al inicio de los experimentos y en la evaluación de 60 días, la reacción inflamatoria fue leve, limitada a los bordes de la PB con su estructura histológica preservada. En conclusión, la PB es una forma segura y barata de material de interposición para ser utilizada entre injertos vasculares e intestinales, presentando un rol de protección contra adherencias entre ellos.


Subject(s)
Cattle , Animals , Rabbits , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Aortic Diseases/surgery , Aortic Diseases/pathology , Vascular Fistula/surgery , Vascular Fistula/pathology , Peritoneum/transplantation , Bioprosthesis , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Intestinal Diseases/prevention & control , Time Factors , Tissue Preservation
18.
J. vasc. bras ; 6(4): 352-358, dez. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-472930

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: A influência da altura do salto de sapatos na função venosa é ainda assunto controverso na literatura mundial. A importância da ergonomia na qualidade de vida é um fator consagrado e situações que a prejudiquem como permanência prolongada na posição supina, qualidade dos calçados e condições do local de trabalho podem interferir na saúde do indivíduo. OBJETIVO: Estudar a influência da altura do salto do sapato na drenagem venosa dos membros inferiores, utilizando-se a pletismografia a ar (PGA). MÉTODO: Quinze mulheres, com idade média de 24,6 anos, assintomáticas, utilizando calçados de tamanhos apropriados, foram examinadas em três momentos: descalças (0 cm), salto médio (3,5 cm) e alto (7 cm). Apresentavam índice de massa corporal < 25 e foram classificadas de acordo com a Classificação Internacional CEAP, em critérios: clínico (C0 ou C1), etiológico (Ep), anatômico (As) e fisiopatológico (Pr). Os valores do índice de enchimento venoso (IEV), da fração de ejeção (FE) e da fração de volume residual (FVR) foram separados em três categorias pela altura do salto e comparados entre si, utilizando-se a análise de variância para médias repetidas (ANOVA). RESULTADOS: Houve diminuição da FE e aumento da FVR no grupo de salto alto em relação ao grupo descalço (p < 0,005). Não ocorreu diferença desses parâmetros entre o grupo de salto médio e os outros grupos. O IEV comportou-se de maneira semelhante nas três situações avaliadas. CONCLUSÃO: O salto alto diminui a função de bomba muscular demonstrado pela queda da FE e aumento da FVR, podendo, com o seu uso contínuo, provocar hipertensão venosa nos membros inferiores, o que poderia ser preditivo de sintomatologia na doença venosa.


BACKGROUND: The influence of shoe heel height on venous function is still a controversial subject in the international literature. The importance of ergonomics for quality of life is a universally accepted factor, and situations that impair it, such as prolonged permanence in the supine position, shoe quality and workplace conditions may interfere with the individual"s health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the influence of shoe heel height on lower limb venous drainage using air plethysmography. METHOD: Fifteen asymptomatic women with mean age of 24.6 years, wearing shoes of appropriate size were examined in three different situations: barefoot (0 cm), medium heels (3.5 cm) and high heels (7 cm). Body mass index was < 25 and the subjects were classified according to the CEAP International Classification based on clinical (C0 or C1), etiologic (Ep), anatomic (As) and physiopathological (Pr) criteria. The values of venous filling index (VFI), ejection fraction (EF) and residual volume fraction (RVF) were divided into three categories according to heel height and compared to one another by repeated means analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS: EF was decreased and RVF was increased in the high heel group compared to the barefoot group (p < 0.005). These parameters did not differ between the medium heel group and the other groups. VFI showed a similar behavior in the three situations evaluated. CONCLUSION: High heels reduce muscle pump function, as demonstrated by the fall in EF and increase in RVF, and their continued use may provoke venous hypertension in the lower limbs, possibly representing a predictive factor of venous disease symptoms.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Ergonomics , Plethysmography/methods , Plethysmography
19.
J. vasc. bras ; 6(2): 130-141, jun. 2007. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-462272

ABSTRACT

CONTEXTO: O desenvolvimento de prótese vascular tem sido vital para os avanços e realizações da cirurgia vascular reconstrutora durante as últimas 5 décadas. OBJETIVOS: Desenvolver um novo modelo de prótese vascular microperfurada, confeccionada em tecido recoberto com um composto derivado do látex natural da seringueira (Hevea brasiliensis) e avaliar sua perviedade, trombogenicidade, biocompatibilidade e o processo de cicatrização, além de algumas propriedades mecânicas (adaptabilidade, elasticidade, impermeabilidade e possibilidade de sutura), utilizando como controle a prótese de politetrafluoretileno expandido no mesmo animal. MÉTODOS: Quinze cães foram separados em três grupos de cinco animais. Implantou-se a prótese de tecido e látex microperfurada e, no membro pélvico contralateral, a prótese de politetrafluoretileno expandido em todos os cães. O seguimento pós-operatório foi de 4, 8 e 12 semanas. A apreciação dos resultados foi feita segundo as avaliações clínicas dos pulsos, complicações (coleção líquida, deiscência, granuloma e infecção), arteriografias, análise macroscópica e elétron-micrografias de varredura. RESULTADOS: Os testes estatísticos aplicados não evidenciaram diferenças significativas (p > 0,05) em relação às complicações pós-operatórias e perviedade dos enxertos. Ambas as próteses integraram-se adequadamente aos tecidos circunvizinhos, com um tecido de incorporação formado por fibras colágenas. Constatou-se a presença de neoíntima recoberta por endotélio em toda a extensão da superfície luminal da prótese de tecido e látex microperfurada. Ao contrário, na prótese de politetrafluoretileno expandido, o desenvolvimento endotelial sobre a superfície neointimal limitou-se às regiões próximas às anastomoses. CONCLUSÕES: A prótese de tecido e látex microperfurada demonstrou qualidades estruturais (adaptabilidade, elasticidade, impermeabilidade e possibilidade de sutura) satisfatórias como substituto vascular. Estimulou...


BACKGROUND: The development of vascular grafts has been crucial for advances and achievements in reconstructive vascular surgery over the past 5 decades. OBJECTIVES: To develop a new model of microperforated vascular graft using fabric covered with a natural latex-derived polymer taken from Hevea brasiliensis and assess its patency, thrombogenicity, biocompatibility and healing process, besides some mechanical properties (adaptability, elasticity, impermeability and possibility of suture), using expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft as control. METHODS: Fifteen dogs were divided into three groups of five animals. The microperforated latex graft was implanted in all dogs and the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft was implanted in the contralateral pelvic limb. Postoperative follow-up was 4, 8 and 12 weeks. Analysis of results was performed according to clinical evaluation of pulses, complications (fluid collection, dehiscence, granuloma and infection), arteriography, macroscopic analysis and scanning electron micrography. RESULTS: Statistical tests revealed no significant differences (p > 0.05) concerning post-operative complications and graft patency. Both grafts were properly integrated to surrounding tissues, with connective tissue formed by collagen fibers. A neointimal layer covering all extension of the luminal surface was observed in the microperforated latex graft. Conversely, the endothelial development over the neointimal surface was limited to regions adjacent to the anastomoses in the expanded polytetrafluoroethylene graft. CONCLUSIONS: The microperforated latex graft showed satisfactory structural qualities (adaptability, elasticity, impermeability and possibility of suture) as a vascular substitute. It stimulated endothelial growth beyond contact regions with the artery in anastomoses and was biocompatible in the dog's arterial system, presenting adequate tissue integration.


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Femoral Artery/physiology , Endothelium/surgery , Polytetrafluoroethylene/therapeutic use
20.
J. vasc. bras ; 6(2): 182-185, jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-462280

ABSTRACT

Homem de 78 anos de idade, portador de múltiplas morbidades clínicas deu entrada na emergência com um aneurisma de aorta abdominal justa-renal em condições hemodinâmicas estáveis. A tomografia computadorizada caracterizou aneurisma de 6 cm de diâmetro, e a distância do colo proximal do aneurisma era de 5 mm em relação à artéria renal direita e 28 mm à esquerda. Em virtude das condições clínicas do paciente, optou-se pelo reparo endovascular, mas previamente fez-se uma derivação ilíaco-renal direita com enxerto de politetrafluoretileno, via retroperitoneal para se criar um colo proximal adequado. Após quatro dias, o aneurisma de aorta abdominal foi corrigido colocando-se uma endoprótese Excluder® sem intercorrências. O seguimento pós-operatório evidenciou boa perfusão do rim esquerdo e ausência de migração ou endoleak da endoprótese. Este caso ilustra a combinação de técnicas para tornar possível o reparo de aneurisma de aorta abdominal justa-renal em pacientes de alto risco cirúrgico e anatomia desfavorável.


A 78-year-old man with a juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm and several comorbid conditions was admitted at the emergency room in hemodynamically stable conditions. Computed tomography revealed an aneurysm measuring 6 cm in diameter beginning 28 mm below the left renal artery and 5 mm below the right renal artery. Because of the patient's clinical status, a bypass from the right iliac artery to the right renal artery was performed through a retroperitoneal approach using a polytetrafluoroethylene vascular graft. Four days later, an endovascular aneurysm repair was successfully performed using an Excluder® stent-graft. Postoperative follow-up showed good left renal perfusion and no migration or endoleak. This case illustrates the effectiveness of combining open and endovascular techniques to repair juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm in high-risk patients with unfavorable anatomy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/surgery , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/complications , Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal/diagnosis , Renal Artery/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/standards , Blood Vessel Prosthesis , Angiography/methods , Angiography
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL